Thumbnails and stories are the two big full-frame images: wide 16:9 for YouTube videos, tall 9:16 for Shorts and Instagram Stories. The table above compares them, with the size to upload, the formats each accepts and its file limit.
Wide or tall
The shape matters more than the pixel count. A 16:9 thumbnail and a 9:16 story share no layout, so crop each one from your source rather than stretching one into the other. Keep the subject and any text in the middle third, which every crop and every device keeps.
File limits
YouTube accepts thumbnails of up to 50MB from a computer but just 2MB from its mobile app. Meta publishes no file limit for organic Stories, so the table shows none.